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PETROCHEMICALS AND SOLVENTS

 

 

 

 

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List of Chemicals and Intermediates

N-Butanol

Applications:

it is a primary alcohol, intermediate in the production of butyl acrylate, butyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, and other butyl esters, uses include the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, polymers, pyroxylin plastics, herbicide esters, printing , butyl xanthate,diluent/reactant in the manufacture of urea–formaldehyde and melamine – formaldehyde resins, ingredient in perfumes and as a solvent for the extraction of essential oils, an extractant in the manufacture of antibiotics,hormones, & vitamines, solvent for paints, varnishes, coatings, natural resins, gums, synthetic resins, dyes, alkaloids, and camphor, Applications as Biofuel, Additive in polishes and cleaners, Solubilizer in the textile industry, Additive in de-icing fluids, Additive in gasoline for spark-ignition engines, Mobile phase in paper and thin-layer chromatography, Humectant for cellulose nitrate, Feddstock for the production of glycol ethers, Starting material for various butyl monocarboxylates, and butyl butyrate, which are widely used as solvents, Feedstock for the production of flotation aids, e. g. butyl xanthate.

N-Hexane

Applications:

edible-oil extractant for a variety of seed crops such as soybeans, cottonseed, rape seed (canola), flax (linseed), mustard seed, peanuts, safflower seed, and corn germ, a special-purpose solvent and cleaning agent (degreaser) in such industries as textile manufacture, shoe and leather making, and furniture manufacturing, printing industry as a cleaner and as a component of some inks,solvent used in “rubber” cement, Various glues, spray and carpet adhesives, and leather-dressing preparations, Varnish Solvents, used as a alcohol denaturant and as a paint diluent, Many petroleum and gasoline products, used as the liquid in low temperature non-mercury thermometers, used as a denaturing agent in some alcohol preparations

N-Paraffin

Applications:

it is used as a solvent used for various industrial applications including synthetic resins, paints and varnishes , degreasing agents and printing inks, a basic material in the manufacture of surfactants; in the manufacture of metalworking compounds, lube oil components, plasticizers and chloroparaffins; production of oils for aluminum cold rolling; catalyst carrier for olefin polimerization; raw materials for a wide range of applications, raw material for the manufacture of LAB, it operate as a dissolver in industrial for producing polymers and resins , colors , artistic coverings and grease polisher,n-paraffins are the major feedstock for linear alkylbenzene, a surfactant intermediate used in the manufacture of detergents.

N-Propanol

Applications:

n-propanol are used as solvents in various industries, In terms of pesticides, n-propanol is used as an inert ingredient only; there are no registered pesticide products containing n-propanol as an active ingredient. As an inert ingredient,n-propanol is a solvent and cosolvent in a number of pesticide products, including those used in agriculture, on animals, and on ornamental plants, N-Propanol is majorly used as a direct solvent in flexographic & other printing inks, coatings industry, and as a process solvent.

O-X (Ortho Xylene)

Applications:

o-Xylene (OX) is an important precursor to phthalic anhydride or for phthalic anhydride (PAN) production, The major use for PAN is in plasticizers for PVC strongly tied to the housing market and unsaturated polyester resins used in manufacture of reinforced laminates for the construction and automobile industries and in glass-reinforced thermoset engineering applications as well as in alkyd resins used in solventbased paints and mainly for surface coatings, Small quantities of OX are used in solvent applications (which are declining) in the printing, rubber, and leather industries and to make bactericides, soya bean herbicides and lube oil additives, Ortho-xylene is used in plasticisers, medicines, and dyes.

DMF (Di-Methyl Formamide)

Applications:

The primary use is as a solvent with low evaporation rate. DMF is used in the production of f polyurethane products , acrylic fibers and plastics.It is also used as a solvent in peptide coupling for pharmaceuticals, and in the manufacture of adhesives. It is used in a common method of synthesizing MDMA, or ecstasy.It is used as a reagent in the Bouveault aldehyde synthesis and in the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction, another useful method of forming aldehydes.It is also a common catalyst used in the synthesis of acyl halides, in particular the synthesis of acyl chlorides.DMF penetrates most plastics and makes them swell. DMF is used as a solvent to recover olefins. It is also used in the manufacturing of solvent dyes as an important raw material. It is also used in the pharmaceutical industry, in the formulation of pesticides, Fertilizer, Agricultural Chemical Manufacturing, Resin, Synthetic Rubber, and Artificial Synthetic Fibers and Filaments Manufacturing, and in the manufacture of synthetic leathers, Manufacturing of electrical allocation equipment and circuitry, Manufacturing of Leather, and surface coatings . Niche uses :- DMF has many uses in the research laboratory.

CycloHexane

Applications:

The primary use of cyclohexane,is in the production of adipic acid, a nylon intermediate Cyclohexane is also used in the production of caprolactam, another nylon intermediate. mall amounts are used as a solvent for lacquers and resins; as a paint and varnish remover; as an intermediate in the manufacture of benzene, cyclohexanone, and nitrocyclohexane; as fuel for camp stoves; as an ingredient in fungicidal formulations; and in the industrial recrystallization of steroids (Mannsville 1993). it is also used for calibration of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) instruments, Cyclohexane is also used as a solvent in chemical and industrial processes Electroplating uses for Vapor Degreasing Solvents, Laboratory Chemicals uses for Extraction, Machinery Mfg and Repair uses for Machinery Manufacture and Repair, Rubber Manufacture uses for Rubber Manufacture, Wood Stains and Varnishes uses for Varnish Solvents, cyclohexane's intrinsic link to the polyamide chain and its use in automobiles, construction and textiles, It is excellent solvent for DDT and organic phosphorus insecticides and pesticides.It is used as a sludge solvent in oil for piston type Aircraft lubrication.

Ethanol

Applications:

The largest single use of ethanol is as a motor fuel and fuel additive. Ethanol may also be utilized as a rocket fuel, and is currently in lightweight rocket-powered racing aircraft. Ethanol is the principal psychoactive constituent in alcoholic beverages which are vary considerably in ethanol content and in foodstuffs they are produced from. Fermented beverages can be broadly classified by the foodstuff they are fermented from. Industrial ethanol is used as feedstock for the production of industrial acetic acid, alcoholic beverages are made into vinegar.ethanol has gained significant popularity as a relatively safe fuel for flue-less, real flame fireplaces often referred to as bioethanol fires. Ethanol is an important industrial ingredient and has widespread use as a base chemical for other organic compounds. Ethanol is used in medical wipes and in most common antibacterial hand sanitizer gels at a concentration of about 62% v/v as an antiseptic.

Ethanol Amines (MONO / DI)

Applications:

They have the physical and chemical characteristics of both alcohols and amines in one molecule. Ethanolamines stuctures are widely found in antihistamine drugs. In industrial field, monoethanolamine is an important raw material in the production of ethylenediamine. Ethanolamines are used as gas-scrubber in refinery and natural gas operations. They are widely used in 1)Gas-scrubber, 2)Textile Operation, 3)Surfactants and Metalworking fluids, 4)Others like Concrete additives, Cement admixtrue, Urethane foams, Agricultural products, Photographic chemicals, Biocides, Oil well chemicals, Rubber vulcanization accelerators, Plasticizers. Monoethanolamine is commanly used for treating synthesis gas strams formed in ammonia, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, & flue gas facilities. Diethanolamine is primarily used for treating natural & refinery gas& for liquid streams. It is also used to prepare fatty acid amides.

Ethylene Di-Amine

Applications:

Ethylenediamine is used in large quantities for production of many industrial chemicals.Ethylenediamine is a well-known chelating ligand for coordination compounds. Precursor to pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. It is a widely used precursor to various polymers. Condensates derived from formaldehyde are plasticizers. It is widely used in the production of polyurethane fibers. its Specialized applications as :- 1) as a solvent, it is miscible with polar solvents and is used to solubilize proteins such as albumins and casein. It is also used in certain electroplating baths. 2) as a corrosion inhibitor in paints and coolants. 3) ethylenediamine dihydroiodide (EDDI) is added to animal feeds as a source of iodide. 4) chemicals for color photography developing, binders, adhesives, fabric softeners, curing agents for epoxys, and dyes. 5) (Edamine) Ethylenediamine is a common organic additive to the plant in vitro culture Murashige and Skoog medium. It is commonly used in the manufacture of fuel additives, bleach activators, chelating agents and corrosion inhibitors, among other applications.

Ethylene Dichloride

Applications:

the major use of 1,2-dichloroethane is in the production of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM, chloroethene) with hydrogen chloride as a byproduct. VCM is the precursor to polyvinyl chloride.As a good polar aprotic solvent, 1,2-dichloroethane could be used as degreaser and paint remover but is now banned from use due to its toxicity and carcinogenity. As a useful 'building block' reagent, it is used as an intermediate in the production of various organic compounds such as ethylenediamine. In the laboratory it is occasionally used as a source of chlorine, with elimination of ethene and chloride.1,2-dichloroethane is a precursor to 1,1,1-trichloroethane, which is used in dry cleaning.Ethylene dichloride is primarily used in the production of vinyl chloride as well as other chemicals. It is used in solvents in closed systems for various extraction and cleaning purposes in organic synthesis. It is also added to leaded gasoline as a lead scavenger. It is also used as a dispersant in rubber and plastics, as a wetting and penetrating agent. It was formerly used in ore flotation, as a grain fumigant, as a metal degreaser, and in textile and PVC cleaning. . EDC was also used as a soil fumigant but is no longer registered for this use on agricultural products in the United States. ethylene dichloride as a chemical intermediate in the manufacture of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), which is used to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resins. It is also used to make polystyrene, a thermoplastic, and styrene butadiene (SBR) latex, an adhesive coating used to bond cement, concrete, and asphalt.In addition, the chemical is used as an industrial solvent to remove oil and grease, as well as in the manufacturing of other chlorinated solvents, such as perchloroethylene, otherwise known as dry cleaning fluid.

Styrene

Applications:

Solid and film polystyrene, used in rigid foodservice containers, CD cases, appliance housings, envelope windows and many other products. Polystyrene foam, used in food service products and building insulation. Composite products, used in tub and shower enclosures, automobile body panels, wind turbine parts, boats and many other applications. ABS plastic, used in refrigerator liners, medical devices, small household appliances and luggage. SAN plastic, used for food containers and optical fibers. SB latex (SBL) used in many paper coatings and in carpeting made in the US carpet fibers to a backing material.

C9

Applications:

C9 is used for the production of hydrocarbon resins. Major applications of these resins include printing inks, hot melt pressure sensitive adhesives, rubber, paints, varnishes, and road marking paints. the resins can be used in concrete curing additives, sealings, floortiles, foundry core binding, and for paper sizing.C9 Petroleum Hydrocarbon Resins:- This series are thermoplastic resins, obtained from polymerizing unsaturated aromatic petroleum feedstock. They are clear yellowish resins, soluble in most industrial solvents, and particularly in aromatic and aliphatic ones. The major applications areas are paints and varnishes, printing inks, adhesives, rubber and elastomers, etc.

Toluene

Applications:

Toluene is mainly used as a precursor to benzene. The second ranked application involves its disproportionation to a mixture of benzene and xylene. Toluene is a common solvent, able to dissolve paints, paint thinners, silicone sealants, many chemical reactants, rubber, printing ink, adhesives (glues), lacquers, leather tanners, correction fluid and nail polish remover, leather tanning processes and disinfectants. It also be used as a fullerene indicator, and is a raw material for toluene diisocyanate (used in the manufacture of polyurethane foam) and TNT. it is used as a solvent for carbon nanomaterials, It is also used as a cement for fine polystyrene kits. Toluene can be used as an octane booster in gasoline fuels used in internal combustion engines.Toluene is produced during the process of making gasoline and other fuels from crude oil, in making coke from coal, and as a by-product in the manufacture of styrene. Toluene has also been used as a coolant for its good heat transfer capabilities in sodium cold traps used in nuclear reactor system loops.Toluene had also been used in the process of removing the cocaine from coca leaves in the production of Coca-Cola syrup.Biological usage of toluene includes breaking or disrupting red blood cells in order to extract hemoglobin in biochemistry experiments. it is used in :- organic chemical synthesis where it is used to make Benzene, Xylene and Phenol, In the manufacture of explosives, In the manufacture of cosmetics, In the manufacture of dyes and inks, In the manufacture of jet fuel blends.

P-X (Para Xylene)

Applications:

p-Xylene is the principal precursor to terephthalic acid and dimethyl terephthalate, both monomers used in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plastic bottles and polyester clothing. Xylene is used as a solvent. Areas of application include printing, rubber, and leather industries. It is a common component of ink, rubber, adhesive, and leather industries.Xylene is used in production of terephthalic acid monomer. it is a cleaning agent, e.g., for steel, silicon wafers, and integrated circuits. In the petroleum industry, xylene is also a frequent component of paraffin solvents; used when the tubing becomes clogged with paraffin wax.It is used in the laboratory to make baths with dry ice to cool reaction vessels, and as a solvent to remove synthetic immersion oil from the microscope objective in light microscopy. xylene is the most widely used clearing agent. Xylene is used to remove paraffin from dried microscope slides prior to staining. xylenes are precursors to other chemical compounds. Great variety of consumer products including gasoline, paint, varnish, shellac, rust preventives, and cigarette smoke. Xylene is used as a feedstock in the production of petrol. It is also found in small proportions in gasoline and jet fuel.Acrylic concrete sealer is a decorative concrete material widely used for concrete surfaces. In this type of sealers xylene is used as sealer/carrier solvent.In solvent based acrylic sealers, the carrier can be xylene. By applying a coat of xylene, one breaks down or re-melts the coat of sealer that is already on the surface.Xylene is used in histology to clean tissue for the preparation of paraffin wax. Xylene is also used in the preparation of individual isomers, which are often used in making certain types of plastics.

Phenol

Applications:

The major uses of phenol, consuming two thirds of its production, involve its conversion to precursors to plastics. Phenol is also a versatile precursor to a large collection of drugs, most notably aspirin but also many herbicides and pharmaceutical drugs. Phenol is also used as an oral anesthetic/analgesic in products. Phenol is so inexpensive that it attracts many small-scale uses. It is a component of industrial paint strippers used in the aviation industry for the removal of epoxy, polyurethane and other chemically resistant coatings.Phenol derivatives are also used in the preparation of cosmetics including sunscreens, hair colorings, and skin lightening preparations. It is used in the synthesis of dyes, aspirin, and one of the first high explosives, picric acid. It is the main ingredient in synthetic vanilla flavouring.It used in Adhesives, Agro Chemicals, Automotive, Chemicals, Coatings, Construction, Cosmetics, Food, Leisure, Cleaning, Home & Electrical, Medical & Pharma, Packaging, Paint & Ink, Pipes, Rubber & Tyres, Textiles. Phenol and its chemical derivatives are key for building polycarbonates, epoxies, Bakelite, nylon, detergents, herbicides such as phenoxy herbicides, and numerous pharmaceutical drugs. Phenol is used as a chemical intermediate in the production of bisphenol A (BPA), phenolic resins, caprolactam, alkylphenols, aniline, and 2,6-xylenol.Phenols find use in industry as antioxidants, chemical intermediates, disinfectants, tanning agents, photographic developers, and additives to lubricants and gasoline.

Iso Butanol

Applications:

It is mainly used as a solvent. Isobutanol has a variety of technical and industrial applications: 1) feedstock in the manufacture of isobutyl acetate, which is used in the production of lacquer and similar coatings, and in the food industry as a flavoring agent.2) precursor of derivative esters - isobutyl esters such as diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) are used as plasticizers in plastics, rubbers, and other dispersions. 3) precursor of p-xylene, a building block for plastic bottles, textiles and clothing. 4) paint solvent. 5) varnish remover. 6) ink ingredient. 7) paint additive, to reduce viscosity, improve brush flow, and retard formation of oil residues (blush) on painted surfaces. 8) gasoline additive, to reduce carburetor icing. 9) automotive polish additive. 10) automotive paint cleaner additive. 11) chemical extractant in production of organic compounds. 12) mobile phase in thin layer chromatography. 13) potential gasoline alternative. Isobutanol can be used as a biofuel substitute for gasoline in the current petroleum infrastructure. It used in Chemical Intermediate - Ester Solvents, Plasticizers. & also used in Coatings like Industrial Wood, Transportation, Industrial Maintenance and Marine, & Can and Coil. Extractant in production of drugs and natural substances such as anti-biotics, hormons, vitimines, alkaloids aand camphor. It is used as dehydrating agent.

IsoPropyl Acetate

Applications:

Isopropyl acetate is a solvent with a wide variety of manufacturing uses. It is used as a solvent for cellulose, plastics, oil and fats. It is a component of some printing inks and perfumes. It is used as a solvent in chemical processes, in coatings, cleaners, cosmetics like as a body rubs, after-shave & hand lotion, fragrances, insecticides and food flavorings, in natural and synthetic resins, lacquers, plastics, for organic synthesis, and a lab reagent.

IPA (IsoPropyl Alcohol)

Applications:

Solvent / Intermediate / Medicine / Acetone/ Early uses as an anesthetic/ Automotive Laboratory. Isopropyl Alcohol can also be used as a biological specimen preservative with a solution mixture of around 90%.The main use the motor, paints, cosmetics and cleaning industries.Isopropyl Alcohol can be found in paints, thinners for wood furnishings, inks, cosmetics, toiletries, household cleaning products, specialist cleaning products and room sprays.Isopropyl Alcohol can also be used as an anti-freeze and plays an important part in making the water component of petrol more soluble so that it doesn’t freeze.it is also used in the production of other products. For example, facial cleansers, cosmetics, astringents, household cleaners, perfumes, and some pharmaceuticals contain isopropyl alcohol.Certain personal care products, such as waterless hand sanitizer, contain rubbing alcohol as a primary ingredient. It used in Purification processes of organic materials, as well as in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products Deicer solutions , Windshield washer solutions, Wetting agents for offset printing.

MEK (Methyl Ethyl Ketone)

Applications:

Methyl ethyl ketone is used as a solvent. a low-boiling solvent for nitrocellulose, acrylic and vinyl surface coatings. MEK demand is derived from the paints and coatings industry. MEK can also be used in adhesive for PVC pipes, rubber-based industrial cements and printing inks.MEK is also a solvent required for the polymerisation processing of polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR). A derivative of MEK, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, is used as a catalyst to initiate the polymerisation of polyester resins used in fibre glass reinforced plastics.MEK is used in solvent blends for urethane lacquers that are used to coat magnetic tapes but consumption in this application has been declining. MEK functions as a de-waxing agent during the refining of lubricating oils. MEK used as a solvent in processes involving gums, resins, cellulose acetate.Methyl ethyl ketone is also used in the synthetic rubber industry, in the production of paraffin wax, and in household products such as lacquer and varnishes, paint remover, and glues. Various petroleum by-products are used as raw materials for the production of MEK.

MIBK (Methyl IsoButyl Ketone)

Applications:

Its major use is as a precursor. MIBK is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, lacquers, and certain polymers and resins. It can be used in the extraction of rare metals, also to extract gold, silver and other precious metals from cyanide solutions, such as those found at gold mines, to determine the levels of those dissolved metals. MIBK is also used as a denaturing agent for denatured alcohol. MIBK is used as a solvent for CS in the preparation of the CS spray used currently by British police forces. It is also used as a solvent in specialty adhesives; in dewaxing; in ink formulations;mineral oil; and in textile coatings and leather finishing. It is also used in purifying stearic acid;in the manufacture of lube oil additives; refining tall oil; and extracting rosin from softwood, especially pine. MIBK is used as a solvent for gums, resins, paints, varnishes, lacquers, and nitrocellulose, as an excipient in drugs, and as a synthetic flavoring adjuvant. MIBK is used in coting for Automotive OEM,Automotive Refinish,Can and Coil,Industrial Maintenance and Marine,Industrial Wood,& Misc. (Thinners and Purge Solvents). MIBK is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved indirect food additive for adhesives, paper and paperboard, and polymers.

NPG(Neopentyl Glycol)(2,2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol)

Applications:

Powder Coating Resins / Alkyd Coating Resins / Fiber Glass Reinforced Resins / Polyester Polyols / Plasticizers. It is also used in the synthesis of paints, lubricants. It (NPG), or 2, 2-dimethyl-1, 3-propanediol,is mainly used as a building block in polyester resins for coatings, unsaturated polyesters, lubricants and plasticizers.It is also used as an intermediate for the synthesis of lubricants, plasticizers, adhesives, mortar or cement systems, photographic materials, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, fragrances, fibre lubricants antistatic agents, fabric softeners, vibration dampeners.Other outlets include textiles, pharmaceuticals, pesticides and plasticisers.

BG (Butyl Glycol)

Applications:

solvent/viscosity-decreasing agent /conditioning agent. It is used in hair care products, moisturizers, foundations, sunscreens, eye creams, mascaras, and more.It is also used as a food additive to add flavoring—it has a sweet flavor and a bitter aftertaste—and in the manufacture of polyester plasticizers, structural material for boats, custom moldings, and sheets and boards for construction. it is used for Coalescent for industrial water-based coatings, Coupling agent for architectural water-borne coatings, Coupling agent and solvent in household and industrial cleaners, rust removers, hard surface cleaners and disinfectants, Coupling agent for resins and dyes in water-based printing inks, Solvent for agricultural pesticides. BG acetate is also a good solvent for urethane finishes. It also has applications in the printing industry where it is a component of flexographic, gravure, and screen-printing inks. It is also found in in ball pen pastes, and in dyes that are employed in furniture polishes and wood stains, and in dyes used to print and colour textiles.Butyl Glycol Acetate is also employed in the cleaning industry where it is a component in some ink and spot removal formulations. it is a Starting material in the production of plasticizers e. g. by reaction with phthalic anhydride.

MEG (MonoEthylene Glycol)

Applications:

A primary use of MEG is in the manufacture of polyester (PET) resins, films, fibers and engine coolants.MEG is an important raw material for industrial applications. The humectant (water attracting) properties of MEG products also make them ideal for use in fibres treatment, paper, adhesives, printing inks, leather and cellophane. MEG plays vital role to the manufacture of a wide variety of products viz. Latex paints and asphalt emulsions, Electrolytic capacitors, Textile fibers, Paper, LeatherResins, Deicing fluids, Heat transfer fluids, Automotive antifreeze and coolants, tire cords, videotapes, and soft drink, water containers and Water-based adhesives. It can be used for application that require chemical intermediates for resins, solvent couplers, freezing point depression, solvents, humectants and chemical intermediates.

DEG (Di Ethylene Glycol)

Applications:

It is used in the manufacture of unsaturated polyester resins, polyurethanes, and plasticizers as well as a raw material for the production of morpholine. DEG is used as a building block in organic synthesis, e.g. of morpholine and 1,4-dioxane. It is a solvent for nitrocellulose, resins, dyes, oils, and other organic compounds. It is a humectant for tobacco, cork, printing ink, and glue. It is also a component in brake fluid, lubricants, wallpaper strippers, artificial fog solutions, and heating/cooking fuel. In personal care products (e.g. skin cream and lotions, deodorants) ,DEG is often replaced by selected diethylene glycol ethers. A dilute solution of diethylene glycol can also be used as a coolant; however, ethylene glycol is much more commonly used. Most ethylene glycol antifreeze contains a few percent diethylene glycol,present as an inadvertent by product of ethylene glycol production.DEG is used as a solvent in the printing ink industry, as a component for hydraulic liquids, as a raw material for the production of PU systems and as an ingredient for detergents. is a valuable chemical intermediate used in the production of acrylate and methacrylate resins and urethanes.It is a dyeing agent of gases. DEG is an effective softening agent, making glues and adhesives more flexible. It is an important component in formulations of brake fluids pastes and pigments.It is also used in the treatment of paper and cellophane.

TEG (Tri Ethylene Glycol)

Applications:

TEG is used by the oil and gas industry to "dehydrate" natural gas.The major applications for triethylene glycol are as a humectant, as a solvent and in the manufacture of vinyl plasticisers.TEG is used as a plasticizer for the production of PBT films and for water soluble lubricants for pumps. Additionally, TEG is used in gas purification and gas drying processes. the main uses for TEG depend upon its hygroscopic properties. TEG is employed as a liquid desiccant for the dehydration of natural gas. Air conditioning systems use TEG as dehumidifiers. TEG also finds use as a vinyl plasticiser, as an intermediate in the manufacture of polyester resins and polyols, and as a solvent in many miscellaneous applications. It is also useful inmanufacture of insecticides and in the synthesis of some organic derivatives. Pure TEG is useful in the production of plasticizers for cellophane, glue, cork, powdered ceramics and some plastics. TEG is a component in the formulation of some pigments, printing dyes, inks and pastes. It is also used for air fumigation.Some of the other application segments for TEG include solvents, plasticizers, polyurethane, humectants and polyester resins.

METHANOL

Applications:

Methanol, a common laboratory solvent, is especially useful for HPLC, UV/VIS spectroscopy, and LCMS due to its low UV cutoff.The largest use of methanol by far is in making other chemicals. Methanol is used on a limited basis to fuel internal combustion engines. Pure methanol is required by rule to be used in Champcars, Monster Trucks, USAC sprint cars (as well as midgets, modifieds, etc.), and other dirt track series, such as World of Outlaws, and Motorcycle Speedway.Methanol is also used, in the powerplants for radio control, control line and free flight airplanes (as methanol is required in the engines that primarily power them), cars and trucks, Drag racers and mud racers, as well as heavily modified tractor pullers, In some wastewater treatment plants, also used as a denaturing agent in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis..It is a traditional denaturant for ethanol, the product being known as "denatured alcohol" or "methylated spirit".is a traditional denaturant for ethanol, the product being known as "denatured alcohol" or "methylated spirit".Methanol is also a widely used fuel in camping and boating stoves.methanol is used as a key component in a process called transesterification.some types of materials that are made from methanol: Plastics, Synthetic fibers, Paints, Resins, Magnetic film, Safety glass laminate, Adhesives, Solvents, Carpeting, Insulation, Refridgerants, Windshield washer fluid, Particle board, Pigments and dyes. Methanol is used to produce a variety of chemicals, including formaldehyde and acetic acid, it is also used for making Dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) which is the main monomer in making PET bottles. methanol is used to make olefins like propylene and ethylene because of the huge demand of olefin. Methanol can also be used as antifreeze .

Benzene

Applications:

Benzene is used mainly as an intermediate to make other chemicals. As a gasoline (petrol) additive, benzene increases the octane rating and reduces knocking. Benzene is found in crude oil and is a major part of gasoline. It’s used to make plastics, resins,nylon, synthetic fibers, rubber lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs and pesticides. Benzene is produced naturally by volcanoes and forest fires.In homes, benzene may be found in glues, adhesives, cleaning products, paint strippers, tobacco smoke and gasoline. Most benzene in the environment comes from our use of petroleum products. Key industries involved in the production /use of benzene include: Petroleum refining (Oil refineries) , Coke and Coal manufacturing, Rubber tire manufacturing , Storage sites (tank farms) , Transportation services (ships, tanker trucks), Laboratories, Chemical manufacturing. Benzene is used for printing and lithography, paint, rubber, dry cleaning, adhesives and coatings, detergents, extraction and rectification, preparation and use of inks in the graphic arts industries; as a thinner for paints and as a degreasing agent.

Normal Butyl Alcohol(N-BuOH) Normal Butanol

Applications:

Solvent / Adhesive / Detergent / Plasticizer / Acrylate. n-Butanol occurs naturally as a minor product of the fermentation of sugars and other carbohydrates, and is present in many foods and beverages. It is also used in a wide range of consumer products.The largest use of n-butanol is as an industrial intermediate, particularly for the manufacture of butyl acetate.n-butanol is an intermediate in the production of butyl acrylate, butyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, and other butyl esters. industrial uses include the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, polymers, pyroxylin plastics, herbicide esters, printing and butyl xanthate. It is also used as a diluent/reactant in the manufacture of urea–formaldehyde and melamine–formaldehyde resins.n-Butanol is used as an ingredient in perfumes and as a solvent for the extraction of essential oils.n-Butanol is also used as an extractant in the manufacture of antibiotics, hormones, and vitamins; a solvent for paints, coatings, natural resins, gums, synthetic resins, dyes, alkaloids, and camphor.

2-Ethylhexanol(2-EH) Octanol

Applications:

Plasticizer / Stabilizer / Solvent / Acrylate. It is also commonly used as a low volatility solvent. 2-Ethylhexanol can also be used as an octane booster when reacted with nitric acid.Almost all 2-ethylhexanol is converted into the diesters bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer. Solvent Applications of 2-ethyl hexanol (octanol): Manufacture of low volatility esters (for example, dioctylphthalate), Low volatility solvent (for resins, animal fats, waxes, vegetable oils and petroleum derivatives), Used as Ethoxylates, Used as Herbicides, Extractant production (heavy metals), 2-Ethylhexanol is used in the production of plasticisers, acrylates. It is also used as a solvent in the paint and varnishes industries , Wetting agent in textile industry. The other minor uses of octanol are in pesticides, surface active in the manufacture of octanoic acid, which is used, in the form of its metal salts, in the manufacture of odourless paint driers. 2-Ethylhexanol can easily be converted into esters that have diverse usage. The main use of 2-ethylhexanol is in the production of the diester bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a plasticizer.

PTA (Pure Terephthalic Acid)

Applications:

Polyester Fibre/Yarn,resin, Film. PTA is an important raw material for lower molecular weight saturated polyesters for powder and water-soluble coatings. PTA is the preferred raw material for Polyester. Clothing, furniture, upholstery, containers, films are some of the major applications of Polyester.Lightweight soft drink containers based on PTA are crystal clear and shatterproof. blister packaging for fresh and prepared food products is often based on PTA.PTA also finds applications in unsaturated polyester resins which are used as engineering plastics. PTA applications include coatings and composite materials, based on unsaturated polyester resins, and hot-melt adhesives. PTA also finds use in small quantities in the manufacture of paints. It also is used to produce polyethylene terephtalate (PET). some application/ uses of PTA are : Automotive OEM, Polyester polyols for polyurethanes, Polyester powder coating resins, Polyester-melamine baking enamels, Unsaturated polyester resins for fiberglass-reinforced plastics, Waterborne polyester resins.PTA is also used as raw material for video & audio films, paints, industrial yarns, and ET bottles.

PT (Pure terephthalate)

Applications:

Polyester resins, wire enamles. PET-P is a thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in synthetic fibers; beverage, food and other liquid containers; thermoforming applications; and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber.plastic bottles made from PET are widely used for soft drinks .PET is also used as substrate in thin film and solar cell. PET film is often used in tape applications, such as the carrier for magnetic tape or backing for pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes.Non-oriented PET sheet can be thermoformed to make packaging trays and blisters.Polyethylene terephthalate is a polyester material that is most often used to make fibers, parts made by injection molding, and containers for food and beverages, pharmaceuticals and make-up. This material may also be recycled to make carpeting or fiber filling. It also is used for microwave food trays and food packaging films.

Methyl CARBITOL

Applications:

• Active solvent for solvent-based silk screen printing inks. • Jet fuel anti-icing additive. • Solvent for stamp pad inks and ball point and felt tip writing pen inks. • Solvent for pastes used in printing cellulose acetate and polyester fabrics. • Solvent and coupling agent for vat dyeing fabrics. • Solvent and coupling agent for rust removers, aluminum brighteners, and paint and varnish removers. • Deactivator and stabilizer for agricultural pesticides

SODIUM FORMATE

Applications:

•Dyeing, Buffer, Food additive

Formic acid 85%

Applications:

Formic acid is an efficient and environmentally friendly organic acid for many applications. In leather processing, the acid is used in tanning and dye fixing and serves also as a neutralizing agent and pH adjuster in many steps of textile processing. In the production of epoxidized soy bean oil formic acid is used in combination with hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent. In home care, industrial and institutional cleaning, formic acid is a powerful descaler as well as a valuable biocide in many cleaning applications under the Protectol FM brand. It is also used to adjust pH values in flue gas desulfurization, latex coagulation and other applications. Formic acid can serve as a hydride donor in various chemical processes. In animal nutrition the acid preserves feed and silage. In oil field applications it helps to dissolve calcium carbonate. Potassium formate, a salt of formic acid, also helps with well drilling and completion in the oil field industry. Furthermore, potassium formate is environmentally friendly and at the same time a highly efficient deicing agent for roads and airport runways. As it is readily biodegradable, it protects the environment. The pharmaceutical industry uses formic acid in the production of various active pharmaceutical ingredients.

DMT (Dimethyl terephthalate)

Applications:

Polyester and Alkyd Resin, fibres and films as well as engineering polymers.The largest polyester sector is the fibres market where it is used to make clothes, home textiles such as sheets and curtains, carpets and rugs, and industrial products such as tyre cord, seat belts, hoses and ropes.DMT can be used in engineering resins, such as polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). it is an intermediate in some schemes for the recycling of PET, e.g. from plastic bottles. Applications/Uses of DMT is PET for container plastics,PET for fibersPET for film, PET for specialty plastics.DMT is used in the manufacture of polyester fibre yarn and film and also certain polyester resins.Dimethyl terephthalate is the main monomer of PET and PBT polymers.

M-X (Meta Xylene)

Applications:

Manufacture of isophthalic acid, which is used as a copolymerizing monomer to alter the properties of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), making PET more suitable for the manufacture of soft drinks bottles.

Butyl acetate

Applications:

Used in organic chemistry laboratories as a solvent. Industrially, n-butyl acetate is used in the manufacture of lacquers, artificial leather, photographic films, plastics, and safety glass. It has a pleasant, fruity odor (rather like pears), and it is used in the flavoring/fragrance industry as an artificial flavoring.

Ethyl acetate

Applications:

Ethyl acetate is used primarily as a solvent and diluent, being favored because of its low cost, low toxicity, and agreeable odor. it is commonly used to clean circuit boards and in some nail varnish removers. Ethyl acetate is present in confectionery, perfumes, and fruits. In perfumes, it evaporates quickly, leaving only the scent of the perfume on the skin.

Glacial Acetic acid

Applications:

Production of vinyl acetate monomer, closely followed by acetic anhydride and ester production. The volume of acetic acid used in vinegar is comparatively small.

Diacetone alcohol

Applications:

used as a solvent and some is consumed as acetone cyanohydrin a precursor to methyl methacrylate.

Di-Acetone

Applications:

Diacetone alcohol is mainly used as a solvent in industrial and professional applications in coatings, cleaning, oil and gas filed drilling, lubricants, metal working fluids, polymer processing and water treatment. It is found in a number of consumer products such as adhesives, inks, paints, household cleaners and agrochemicals. The substance is also a chemical intermediate for the preparation of other compounds.

Fully refined and fully refined paraffin waxes

Applications:

Candles, Tarpolenes,additives, corrugated boxes, paper coating, board sizing, impregnate tissue, telecommunications equipment and short-circuit and light industry, chemical raw materials, packaging,electronic industry, textile, matches, and crayon manufacturing

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